BEIJING – President Xi Jinping delivered a primary speech in Beijing on Friday at the conference marking the anniversary of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.
Here is the full of his speech:
Distinguished guests,
diplomatic envoys,
Ladies and gentlemen
Friends,
Seventy years ago, the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence were officially launched. This is a revolutionary and historic achievement in the history of foreign relations. We gather here today to mark its 70th anniversary with the aim of implementing those principles in the new circumstances. to build in combination a network with a shared future for humanity and to offer a strong driving force for human progress.
First of all, on behalf of the Chinese government and others and on my own behalf, let me extend a warm welcome to all the distinguished visitors and friends here!
During the modern history of human society, the correct control of interstate relations, the joint maintenance of global peace and tranquility, and the promotion of progress and progress of humanity have been vital themes in the spirit of all nations.
The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence responded to the call of our times, and their appearance was an ancient inevitable expansion. After World War II, independence and national liberation movements spread around the world and the colonial formula collapsed and collapsed around the world. At the same time, the global was overshadowed by the dark clouds of the Cold War and threatened by the unbridled clamor that “might is right. ” The newly independent countries aspired to safeguard their sovereignty and expand their national economies. The New China has followed the precept of independence, actively sought nonviolent coexistence with all countries, and strived to protect its external environment, especially its neighborhood. In this context, the Chinese leaders for the first time clarified the five precepts in their entirety, namely, mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, mutual non-interference in each other’s internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and non-violent coexistence. . They included the five precepts of the China-India and China-Myanmar joint declarations, which together called for them to be basic norms for relations between states.
The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence originated in Asia, but they took hold temporarily on the global stage. In 1955, more than 20 Asian and African countries participated in the Bandung Conference. They proposed ten principles for managing interstate relations based on the Five Principles and upheld Bandung’s spirit of solidarity, friendship and cooperation. The Non-Aligned Movement, born in the 1960s, followed the Five Principles as guiding principles. The Declaration on Principles of International Law followed at the 25th consultation of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in 1970 and the Declaration on the Establishment of the New International Economic Order followed at the 6th Special Consultation of the United Nations General Assembly in 1974 endorsed the five principles. Through their inclusion in foreign documents, the Five Principles have been widely identified and enjoy a good reputation in the foreign community.
Over the more than 70 years, the five principles of nonviolent coexistence have transcended time and space and triumphed over estrangement, demonstrating great resilience and eternal relevance. They have basic rules of foreign relations and basic principles of foreign law that are open, inclusive and universally applicable. They have made indelible historical contributions to the cause of human progress.
First, the five principles of nonviolent coexistence have set an ancient benchmark for foreign relations and the foreign rule of law. They are completely in line with the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, the evolution of foreign relations of our time. and the basic interests of all nations. In addition, they emphasize the importance of reciprocity and equality in the control of relations between States, thus underlining the essence of the foreign rule of law, i. e. , the intercorrelation of the rights, obligations, and daily work of all countries. The Five Principles provide a set of basic rules for nonviolent coexistence among countries in the political, security, economic and diplomatic spheres. They constitute an unambiguous and effective code of conduct that all countries will have to abide by in order to publicize the spirit of the foreign rule of law and find the right way to get along with each other.
Second, the five principles of nonviolent coexistence have served as the main consultant for the status quo and the progression of relations between countries with other social systems. By following the Five Principles, even countries that differ from others in their social system, ideology and history, culture, faith, level of progression, and duration can build a relationship of mutual trust, friendship, and cooperation. The Five Principles open a new path toward the nonviolent settlement of old problems and foreign disputes, overcoming obsolete, narrow-minded, antagonistic, and conflicting mindsets such as bloc politics and sphere of influence.
Third, the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence have been a strong force uniting the efforts of emerging countries to seek cooperation and self-strength through unity. They reflect emerging countries’ deep reflections on how to improve in the long term and on reforms and progress. Inspired and encouraged by the Five Principles, more and more countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America have spoken out and supported each other, opposed foreign interference, and embarked on a path of independent progression. The Five Principles have also boosted South-South cooperation and stepped up and evolved in North-South relations.
Fourth, the five principles of nonviolent coexistence have served as the basis for the reform and improvement of the external order. The Five Principles were introduced with the aim of protecting the interests and aspirations of small and weak countries that oppose the policy of force. They are categorically opposed to imperialism. , colonialism and hegemony, and reject the bellicose and intimidating practices of the law of the jungle. They laid the intellectual foundations for a more just and equitable foreign order.
After an ordinary adventure of 70 years, the five principles of nonviolent coexistence constitute a common wisdom of the external network that must be valued, inherited and further promoted. At this moment, I do not forget with deep admiration its leaders. of the previous generation that jointly initiated the Five Principles. I would also like to pay a wonderful tribute to the visionaries of all countries who have stood up for the Five Principles with perseverance over the years!
Ladies and gentlemen
Friends
The relay of history is passed down from generation to generation, and the cause of human progress advances from one era to the next as humanity searches for answers to the questions of its time. Seventy years ago, our ancestors, who experienced the scourge of hot wars and the confrontation of bloodless war, concluded that the five principles of nonviolent coexistence were very important means of safeguarding peace and sovereignty. This reaction has withstood the control of foreign vicissitudes and has become more current than obsolete. Now, seventy years later, faced with the historic question of “what kind of global to build and how to build it,” China has answered the call of its time by proposing a network with a shared long-term for the human type. Today, this Chinese initiative is the subject of a foreign consensus. The beautiful vision was transformed into productive actions. It is leading the world on a long and bright path of peace, security, prosperity and progress.
The vision of building a network with a shared long-term for humanity pursues the same spirit of the five principles of nonviolent coexistence. Both are rooted in classical Chinese values such as “Be kind to your neighbor,” “Seek friendship through integrity,” and “Promote concord among all nations. “Both demonstrate China’s diplomatic principles of self-confidence, self-reliance, justice, coverage of the disadvantaged and benevolence. Both demonstrate the Chinese Communist Party’s broad vision of contributing more to humanity. Both demonstrate the determination of the Chinese enterprise to follow the path of non-violent development. The vision of building a network with a shared long-term for humanity is the most effective technique to support, sell and the five principles of nonviolent coexistence in the new circumstances.
The Vision reflects the truth that all countries have a common long-term and intertwined interests, and establishes a new style of equivalence and coexistence for foreign relations. China believes that all countries, regardless of size, strength and wealth, are equal members of the foreign community. They have interests, rights and not unusual daily jobs in foreign affairs. All countries will have to join forces to triumph over challenges, achieve shared prosperity, build an open, inclusive, empty and beautiful world, characterized by lasting peace, universal security and shared prosperity, and achieve non-violent coexistence with greater security and prosperity for humanity.
The Vision responds to the dominant global trend of peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit, and opens up new customers for peace and progress. China calls on all countries to take into account the future of mankind and the well-being of their peoples and to uphold their fundamental commitment to equality, mutual benefit and non-violent coexistence. We will all have to uphold the common values of mankind, promote global governance characterized by broad consultations and joint contributions to gain shared advantages, and tame a new kind of foreign relations. We will have to work together to implement the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative and the Global Civilization Initiative, promote high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, and bring more benefits to all people.
The Vision helps keep pace with the old trend toward multipolarity and economic globalization, and inspires new tactics for achieving progress and security. China works with all parties to take deep and genuine steps to build a long-term shared network for mankind. Together, we have enabled the Vision to achieve historic achievements: moving from the bilateral to the multilateral, from the regional to the global, from progression to security, and from cooperation to governance. This has guided and stimulated efforts towards an equivalent and orderly multipolar economic globalization and a universal and inclusive economic globalization. It has given the foreign network ample customers for peace and stability and brought greater prosperity and progress to the world.
Looking beyond and to the long term at this critical moment in history, we believe that our exploration to improve human civilization will not stop, and our efforts for greater globality will not stop. No matter how the world evolves, one basic fact will not change. There is only one planet Earth in the universe and all of humanity has a not unusual home. Our usual future depends on the Earth. We will have to take care of it intelligently and leave a happy land for our future generations.
The long term is full of promise and demanding situations will have to be faced. At this historical moment in which humanity will have to decide between peace and war, prosperity and recession, unity and confrontation, we will have to protect more than ever the essence of the five principles of nonviolent coexistence, and we will have to try tirelessly. to achieve the noble purpose of building a network with a shared long-term for humanity.
We will have to respect the precept of sovereign equivalence. The five precepts of non-violent coexistence focus on the precept of sovereign equivalence. And on this basis they announce equivalent rights, equivalent opportunities and equivalent criteria for all countries. They reject the wonderful who subjugate the small, the strong who intimidate the weak, and the rich who exploit the poor. An equivalent and orderly multipolar world means that each country can locate its position in a multipolar formula and play its role in accordance with foreign law, so that the multipolarization procedure is sometimes sound and constructive.
We want to lay the foundations for mutual respect. Countries will have to make equality, mutual respect and mutual acceptance true in the fundamental rules of their engagement. They will have to show respect for other ancient and cultural traditions and other stages of progression, for each other’s fundamental interests and primary concerns. as well as by the paths and systems of progress independently selected by the peoples of all countries. We will have to jointly respect the “golden rule” of non-interference and, in combination, oppose acts that impose one’s will on others, provoking the confrontation of blocs. , creating small circles and forcing others to decide on a side.
We will have to make the vision of peace and security a reality. The afterlife and the offer have shown us that all countries will have to assume their usual duty for peace and embark on the path of non-violent progress. They will have to work. in combination to seek peace, safeguard peace and enjoy peace. In today’s interdependent world, absolute security and proprietary security are simply not viable. The Global Security Initiative proposed by China aims to promote the vision of non-unusual, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security. strives to achieve progress and security through cooperation and build a more balanced, effective and sustainable security architecture.
We will have to join forces to achieve prosperity. An ancient Chinese philosopher observed: “The benevolent treat others with love, and the sensible share the benefits with others. As a Latin American saying goes: “The only way to be successful at the national level is to be generously universal. “An Arabic proverb says: “With unity, the chimney grows; Without unity, the chimney goes out. ” In the age of economic globalization, what is needed are not divisions, but bridges of communication, not iron curtains of confrontation, but highways of cooperation. China advocates universally favorable and inclusive economic globalization, promotes high-quality cooperation within the framework of the Belt and Road, and strives to implement the Global Development Initiative. Our purpose is to provide opportunities for progress for all, diversify pathways of progress, help all nations reach the culmination of progress, inspire to achieve unheard of progress and prosperity among all countries in the global village, and achieve a strong win-win consensus.
We will have to dedicate ourselves to equity and justice. Without them, the politics of force will be the order of the day and the weak will be at the mercy of the strong. In the face of new developments and challenges, the authority and central role of the United Nations can only be strengthened, rather than weakened. The purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations are never surpassed and are increasingly important. China advocates a vision of global governance characterized by deep consultation and joint contributions for shared benefits, and believes in true multilateralism. Our goal is for foreign regulations to evolve and be respectable in all countries. Global issues deserve to be addressed through broad consultation and not dictated by those in power.
We want to adopt an open and inclusive mindset. All countries are in the same giant boat. It not only pursues its aspirations for peace, economic prosperity and technological progress, but also the diversity of civilizations and the sustainability of the human species. Throughout history, other civilizations have helped each other prosper through their interactions and have brought wonderful progress and prosperity to humanity. This has left us splendid chapters of mutual strengthening and mutual learning between various civilizations. The Global Civilization Initiative proposed by China aims to foster understanding and friendship among other people and promote tolerance and mutual learning among civilizations. The global is big enough to allow the usual progress and advancement of all countries. It is perfectly imaginable that other civilizations will prosper in combination and motivate each other through mutual learning on an equal footing.
Ladies and gentlemen
fellas
More than 70 years have shown time and time again that an effective way for countries to jointly confront demanding situations and create a longer term is unity, cooperation, communication and understanding. Of all the forces in the world, the Global South stands out for its strong momentum, playing an essential role in promoting human progress. In a new and old starting point, the countries of the South deserve to be more open and inclusive, and come together to take the lead in building a network with a shared long term. for the humanity.
Together we deserve to be the unbreakable force for peace. We deserve to promote the peaceful settlement of foreign disputes and participate constructively in the political settlement of sensitive foreign and regional issues. Together, we deserve to be the main driving force of open progression. We will have to restore progress to the heart of the foreign agenda, revitalize global partnerships for progress and deepen South-South cooperation and the North-South debate. Together, we deserve to be the building team of global governance. We deserve to actively participate in the reform and progress of the global governance system, expand the usual interests of all parties, and make the global governance architecture more balanced and effective. Together we deserve to be advocates of exchanges among civilizations. We will need to improve communication and debate among civilizations and the sharing of reports on governance. We want to deepen exchanges in education, science, generation and culture, as well as subnational, people-to-people and youth-to-youth interactions.
For greater cooperation with Southern countries, China will create a study center in Southern countries. It will provide 1,000 scholarships under the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence Excellence Scholarship and 100,000 educational opportunities for countries in the Global South over the next five years. It will also launch a program for young leaders from the South. China will continue to make wise use of China-UN relations. Fund for Peace and Development, the Fund for Global Development and South-South Cooperation and the South-South Cooperation Fund on Climate Change, and will work with stakeholders to identify a tripartite center of excellence for the implementation cadres of the Global Development Initiative, to facilitate expansion in Southern countries. It will renew the China-IFAD South-South and Triangular Cooperation Fund and make an additional contribution in renminbi equivalent to 10 million US dollars to be used for the agricultural progress of Southern countries. China is in a position to discuss flexible industrial agreements with more Southern countries, continue the WTO’s Aid for Trade initiative, and renew its contribution to China’s WTO agenda. Invites more countries in the South to subscribe to the Initiative on Economic Cooperation and International Trade Frameworks for the Digital Economy and Green Development. By 2030, Chinese imports from other emerging countries are expected to exceed $8 trillion.
Ladies and gentlemen
Friends,
The five principles of nonviolent coexistence have long been enshrined in China’s constitution. They are the foundation of China’s independent foreign policy and peace. At present, China is striving to build a wonderful socialist country that is fashionable in all respects and to achieve national rejuvenation on the basis of China’s Path of Modernization. On this new journey, we will continue to uphold the five principles of nonviolent coexistence, work with all countries to build a network with a shared long-term for mankind, and make new and better contributions to safeguard global peace and non-unusual development.
China’s determination to continue on the path of non-violent progress will not change. We will never take the established path of colonial plunder, nor the wrong path of seeking hegemony when we are strong. We will continue on the right path of non-violent progress. Among the world’s major countries, China has the most productive peace and security record. Look for a uniquely Chinese technique to solve hotspot problems. He played a constructive role in the Ukrainian crisis, the Palestinian-Israeli standoff, and similar issues on the Korean Peninsula, Iran, Myanmar, and Afghanistan. Every increase in China’s strength is an increase in the clients of global peace.
China’s determination to expand friendship and cooperation with all countries will not change. We will actively expand global partnerships based on equality, openness and cooperation, and devote ourselves to expanding common interests with all countries. China will promote healthy coordination and interaction among primary countries and countries to foster a dynamic among primary countries featuring non-violent coexistence, comprehensive stability and balanced expansion. In its neighborhood, China will adhere to the principles of friendship, sincerity, mutual advantages and inclusiveness, as well as the policy of promoting friendship and partnership with its neighbors. It will seek to deepen the friendship, to accept as true and not unusual the interests of its neighboring countries. With emerging countries, China will stick to the principles of sincerity, genuine results, friendship and intelligent faith, and take the right technique for friendship and interests. This will strengthen unity and cooperation with emerging countries and safeguard our common interests. China will practice genuine multilateralism and actively participate in the reform and improvement of the global governance system.
China’s determination to promote non-unusual progress around the world will not change. The high-quality progress of China’s economy will give a strong boost to global economic growth. The modernization carried out by 1. 4 billion Chinese means the addition of a gigantic new market, larger than all the countries evolved together. China will only open up more and more to the outside world. Your door will never close. We plan to take, and in some cases are already taking, basic steps to further deepen reforms at all levels and broaden institutional openness. We will build a business environment that is more firmly based on the market and the rule of law and consistent with foreign standards. “A small-structure site with top fences,” the decoupling and breakdown of trade and supply chains simply goes against history. They will only harm the usual interests of the foreign community.
Ladies and gentlemen
Friends,
A precursor of the Chinese revolution wrote a century ago: “The course of history is never fluid. It is fraught with difficulties and obstacles. Only a heroic spirit can help triumph over them. » Today, the historic baton of promoting peace and progress in the world has been passed on to our generation. Let’s take the 70th anniversary of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence as a starting point, take up the historic missions, and move forward together to build a network with a shared long-term for humanity and usher in an even greater long-term for humanity.
Thank you.